A Ventricular Septal Defect (VSD) is a congenital heart condition where there is an abnormal opening between the heart’s lower chambers, the ventricles. This opening allows blood to flow from the left ventricle to the right ventricle, creating an extra burden on the heart. The severity of a VSD can vary, affecting blood circulation and oxygenation.

Medical management may include monitoring for smaller defects, while larger or symptomatic VSDs may require intervention. Surgical repair or catheter-based procedures can be employed to close the defect and prevent complications.

In VSD repair surgery, the surgeon typically patches the hole using a synthetic material or the patient’s own tissue. Catheter-based procedures involve the insertion of a device to close the defect without open-heart surgery.

Early diagnosis and intervention are crucial for optimal outcomes. Regular follow-ups and monitoring help assess the heart’s function and address any potential complications. With advancements in medical science, the prognosis for individuals with VSD has significantly improved, allowing them to lead healthy, active lives with appropriate medical management and follow-up care.